← Chemistry Lab Titration Simulator

Titration Simulator

Acid-base titration with real-time pH curve, indicator color change, and equivalence point detection.

FPS: --
pH: 7.00
Volume Added: 0.00 mL
Equivalence: --
pH at Equivalence
7.00

Presets

Parameters

Governing Equations

Strong Acid + Strong Base:
pH = -log[H⁺] before equivalence
pOH = -log[OH⁻] after equivalence
At equivalence: pH = 7.00

Weak Acid + Strong Base (Henderson-Hasselbalch):
pH = pKa + log([A⁻]/[HA])
Half-equivalence: pH = pKa
At equivalence: pH > 7 (basic salt hydrolysis)

Equivalence Point:
V_eq = (C_analyte × V_analyte) / C_titrant

Indicator Color Change:
HIn ⇌ H⁺ + In⁻
Color changes when [HIn] ≈ [In⁻] (pH ≈ pKa ± 1)
Real-World Connection: Titration is used in analytical chemistry to determine acid concentration in wine, blood, and wastewater. The pH at the equivalence point reveals the acid strength, while indicator selection ensures the endpoint closely matches the true equivalence point for accurate results.